During the 1980s, the crisis of economic destruction, as well as cultural and linguistic ruptures faced by Indigenous Peoples was already very severe. With the democratization and localization in Taiwan, Indigenous rights movements such as "rectification of names”, “return of land”, and “Indigenous autonomy" were launched one after another.

On June 16, 1997, during the fourth amendment of the Constitution, Indigenous groups marched to the Chung Shan Hall in Yangmingshan, striving for the inclusion of Indigenous rights on "ethnicity, land, and autonomy" into the constitution. In order to create a common name for all the Indigenous Peoples, and to emphasize the possession of collective rights, territorial (land) rights and rights to self-determination, in the fourth Constitution Amendment Bill in July 1997, the past “mountain compatriots” was officially renamed as "Indigenous Peoples".